Linux Audio

Check our new training course

Embedded Linux Audio

Check our new training course
with Creative Commons CC-BY-SA
lecture materials

Bootlin logo

Elixir Cross Referencer

Loading...
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8
  9
 10
 11
 12
 13
 14
 15
 16
 17
 18
 19
 20
 21
 22
 23
 24
 25
 26
 27
 28
 29
 30
 31
 32
 33
 34
 35
 36
 37
 38
 39
 40
 41
 42
 43
 44
 45
 46
 47
 48
 49
 50
 51
 52
 53
 54
 55
 56
 57
 58
 59
 60
 61
 62
 63
 64
 65
 66
 67
 68
 69
 70
 71
 72
 73
 74
 75
 76
 77
 78
 79
 80
 81
 82
 83
 84
 85
 86
 87
 88
 89
 90
 91
 92
 93
 94
 95
 96
 97
 98
 99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
 * This file contains common KASAN error reporting code.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.
 * Author: Andrey Ryabinin <ryabinin.a.a@gmail.com>
 *
 * Some code borrowed from https://github.com/xairy/kasan-prototype by
 *        Andrey Konovalov <andreyknvl@gmail.com>
 */

#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/printk.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/stackdepot.h>
#include <linux/stacktrace.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/kasan.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <trace/events/error_report.h>

#include <asm/sections.h>

#include <kunit/test.h>

#include "kasan.h"
#include "../slab.h"

static unsigned long kasan_flags;

#define KASAN_BIT_REPORTED	0
#define KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT	1

bool kasan_save_enable_multi_shot(void)
{
	return test_and_set_bit(KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT, &kasan_flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kasan_save_enable_multi_shot);

void kasan_restore_multi_shot(bool enabled)
{
	if (!enabled)
		clear_bit(KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT, &kasan_flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(kasan_restore_multi_shot);

static int __init kasan_set_multi_shot(char *str)
{
	set_bit(KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT, &kasan_flags);
	return 1;
}
__setup("kasan_multi_shot", kasan_set_multi_shot);

static void print_error_description(struct kasan_access_info *info)
{
	pr_err("BUG: KASAN: %s in %pS\n",
		kasan_get_bug_type(info), (void *)info->ip);
	if (info->access_size)
		pr_err("%s of size %zu at addr %px by task %s/%d\n",
			info->is_write ? "Write" : "Read", info->access_size,
			info->access_addr, current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
	else
		pr_err("%s at addr %px by task %s/%d\n",
			info->is_write ? "Write" : "Read",
			info->access_addr, current->comm, task_pid_nr(current));
}

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(report_lock);

static void start_report(unsigned long *flags)
{
	/*
	 * Make sure we don't end up in loop.
	 */
	kasan_disable_current();
	spin_lock_irqsave(&report_lock, *flags);
	pr_err("==================================================================\n");
}

static void end_report(unsigned long *flags, unsigned long addr)
{
	trace_error_report_end(ERROR_DETECTOR_KASAN, addr);
	pr_err("==================================================================\n");
	add_taint(TAINT_BAD_PAGE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&report_lock, *flags);
	if (panic_on_warn && !test_bit(KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT, &kasan_flags)) {
		/*
		 * This thread may hit another WARN() in the panic path.
		 * Resetting this prevents additional WARN() from panicking the
		 * system on this thread.  Other threads are blocked by the
		 * panic_mutex in panic().
		 */
		panic_on_warn = 0;
		panic("panic_on_warn set ...\n");
	}
#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN_HW_TAGS
	if (kasan_flag_panic)
		panic("kasan.fault=panic set ...\n");
#endif
	kasan_enable_current();
}

static void print_stack(depot_stack_handle_t stack)
{
	unsigned long *entries;
	unsigned int nr_entries;

	nr_entries = stack_depot_fetch(stack, &entries);
	stack_trace_print(entries, nr_entries, 0);
}

static void print_track(struct kasan_track *track, const char *prefix)
{
	pr_err("%s by task %u:\n", prefix, track->pid);
	if (track->stack) {
		print_stack(track->stack);
	} else {
		pr_err("(stack is not available)\n");
	}
}

struct page *kasan_addr_to_page(const void *addr)
{
	if ((addr >= (void *)PAGE_OFFSET) &&
			(addr < high_memory))
		return virt_to_head_page(addr);
	return NULL;
}

static void describe_object_addr(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *object,
				const void *addr)
{
	unsigned long access_addr = (unsigned long)addr;
	unsigned long object_addr = (unsigned long)object;
	const char *rel_type;
	int rel_bytes;

	pr_err("The buggy address belongs to the object at %px\n"
	       " which belongs to the cache %s of size %d\n",
		object, cache->name, cache->object_size);

	if (!addr)
		return;

	if (access_addr < object_addr) {
		rel_type = "to the left";
		rel_bytes = object_addr - access_addr;
	} else if (access_addr >= object_addr + cache->object_size) {
		rel_type = "to the right";
		rel_bytes = access_addr - (object_addr + cache->object_size);
	} else {
		rel_type = "inside";
		rel_bytes = access_addr - object_addr;
	}

	pr_err("The buggy address is located %d bytes %s of\n"
	       " %d-byte region [%px, %px)\n",
		rel_bytes, rel_type, cache->object_size, (void *)object_addr,
		(void *)(object_addr + cache->object_size));
}

static void describe_object_stacks(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *object,
					const void *addr, u8 tag)
{
	struct kasan_alloc_meta *alloc_meta;
	struct kasan_track *free_track;

	alloc_meta = kasan_get_alloc_meta(cache, object);
	if (alloc_meta) {
		print_track(&alloc_meta->alloc_track, "Allocated");
		pr_err("\n");
	}

	free_track = kasan_get_free_track(cache, object, tag);
	if (free_track) {
		print_track(free_track, "Freed");
		pr_err("\n");
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC
	if (!alloc_meta)
		return;
	if (alloc_meta->aux_stack[0]) {
		pr_err("Last potentially related work creation:\n");
		print_stack(alloc_meta->aux_stack[0]);
		pr_err("\n");
	}
	if (alloc_meta->aux_stack[1]) {
		pr_err("Second to last potentially related work creation:\n");
		print_stack(alloc_meta->aux_stack[1]);
		pr_err("\n");
	}
#endif
}

static void describe_object(struct kmem_cache *cache, void *object,
				const void *addr, u8 tag)
{
	if (kasan_stack_collection_enabled())
		describe_object_stacks(cache, object, addr, tag);
	describe_object_addr(cache, object, addr);
}

static inline bool kernel_or_module_addr(const void *addr)
{
	if (addr >= (void *)_stext && addr < (void *)_end)
		return true;
	if (is_module_address((unsigned long)addr))
		return true;
	return false;
}

static inline bool init_task_stack_addr(const void *addr)
{
	return addr >= (void *)&init_thread_union.stack &&
		(addr <= (void *)&init_thread_union.stack +
			sizeof(init_thread_union.stack));
}

static void print_address_description(void *addr, u8 tag)
{
	struct page *page = kasan_addr_to_page(addr);

	dump_stack();
	pr_err("\n");

	if (page && PageSlab(page)) {
		struct kmem_cache *cache = page->slab_cache;
		void *object = nearest_obj(cache, page,	addr);

		describe_object(cache, object, addr, tag);
	}

	if (kernel_or_module_addr(addr) && !init_task_stack_addr(addr)) {
		pr_err("The buggy address belongs to the variable:\n");
		pr_err(" %pS\n", addr);
	}

	if (page) {
		pr_err("The buggy address belongs to the page:\n");
		dump_page(page, "kasan: bad access detected");
	}

	kasan_print_address_stack_frame(addr);
}

static bool meta_row_is_guilty(const void *row, const void *addr)
{
	return (row <= addr) && (addr < row + META_MEM_BYTES_PER_ROW);
}

static int meta_pointer_offset(const void *row, const void *addr)
{
	/*
	 * Memory state around the buggy address:
	 *  ff00ff00ff00ff00: 00 00 00 05 fe fe fe fe fe fe fe fe fe fe fe fe
	 *  ...
	 *
	 * The length of ">ff00ff00ff00ff00: " is
	 *    3 + (BITS_PER_LONG / 8) * 2 chars.
	 * The length of each granule metadata is 2 bytes
	 *    plus 1 byte for space.
	 */
	return 3 + (BITS_PER_LONG / 8) * 2 +
		(addr - row) / KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE * 3 + 1;
}

static void print_memory_metadata(const void *addr)
{
	int i;
	void *row;

	row = (void *)round_down((unsigned long)addr, META_MEM_BYTES_PER_ROW)
			- META_ROWS_AROUND_ADDR * META_MEM_BYTES_PER_ROW;

	pr_err("Memory state around the buggy address:\n");

	for (i = -META_ROWS_AROUND_ADDR; i <= META_ROWS_AROUND_ADDR; i++) {
		char buffer[4 + (BITS_PER_LONG / 8) * 2];
		char metadata[META_BYTES_PER_ROW];

		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer),
				(i == 0) ? ">%px: " : " %px: ", row);

		/*
		 * We should not pass a shadow pointer to generic
		 * function, because generic functions may try to
		 * access kasan mapping for the passed address.
		 */
		kasan_metadata_fetch_row(&metadata[0], row);

		print_hex_dump(KERN_ERR, buffer,
			DUMP_PREFIX_NONE, META_BYTES_PER_ROW, 1,
			metadata, META_BYTES_PER_ROW, 0);

		if (meta_row_is_guilty(row, addr))
			pr_err("%*c\n", meta_pointer_offset(row, addr), '^');

		row += META_MEM_BYTES_PER_ROW;
	}
}

static bool report_enabled(void)
{
#if defined(CONFIG_KASAN_GENERIC) || defined(CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS)
	if (current->kasan_depth)
		return false;
#endif
	if (test_bit(KASAN_BIT_MULTI_SHOT, &kasan_flags))
		return true;
	return !test_and_set_bit(KASAN_BIT_REPORTED, &kasan_flags);
}

#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT)
static void kasan_update_kunit_status(struct kunit *cur_test)
{
	struct kunit_resource *resource;
	struct kunit_kasan_expectation *kasan_data;

	resource = kunit_find_named_resource(cur_test, "kasan_data");

	if (!resource) {
		kunit_set_failure(cur_test);
		return;
	}

	kasan_data = (struct kunit_kasan_expectation *)resource->data;
	WRITE_ONCE(kasan_data->report_found, true);
	kunit_put_resource(resource);
}
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT) */

void kasan_report_invalid_free(void *object, unsigned long ip)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	u8 tag = get_tag(object);

	object = kasan_reset_tag(object);

#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT)
	if (current->kunit_test)
		kasan_update_kunit_status(current->kunit_test);
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT) */

	start_report(&flags);
	pr_err("BUG: KASAN: double-free or invalid-free in %pS\n", (void *)ip);
	kasan_print_tags(tag, object);
	pr_err("\n");
	print_address_description(object, tag);
	pr_err("\n");
	print_memory_metadata(object);
	end_report(&flags, (unsigned long)object);
}

static void __kasan_report(unsigned long addr, size_t size, bool is_write,
				unsigned long ip)
{
	struct kasan_access_info info;
	void *tagged_addr;
	void *untagged_addr;
	unsigned long flags;

#if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT)
	if (current->kunit_test)
		kasan_update_kunit_status(current->kunit_test);
#endif /* IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KUNIT) */

	disable_trace_on_warning();

	tagged_addr = (void *)addr;
	untagged_addr = kasan_reset_tag(tagged_addr);

	info.access_addr = tagged_addr;
	if (addr_has_metadata(untagged_addr))
		info.first_bad_addr =
			kasan_find_first_bad_addr(tagged_addr, size);
	else
		info.first_bad_addr = untagged_addr;
	info.access_size = size;
	info.is_write = is_write;
	info.ip = ip;

	start_report(&flags);

	print_error_description(&info);
	if (addr_has_metadata(untagged_addr))
		kasan_print_tags(get_tag(tagged_addr), info.first_bad_addr);
	pr_err("\n");

	if (addr_has_metadata(untagged_addr)) {
		print_address_description(untagged_addr, get_tag(tagged_addr));
		pr_err("\n");
		print_memory_metadata(info.first_bad_addr);
	} else {
		dump_stack();
	}

	end_report(&flags, addr);
}

bool kasan_report(unsigned long addr, size_t size, bool is_write,
			unsigned long ip)
{
	unsigned long flags = user_access_save();
	bool ret = false;

	if (likely(report_enabled())) {
		__kasan_report(addr, size, is_write, ip);
		ret = true;
	}

	user_access_restore(flags);

	return ret;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN_INLINE
/*
 * With CONFIG_KASAN_INLINE, accesses to bogus pointers (outside the high
 * canonical half of the address space) cause out-of-bounds shadow memory reads
 * before the actual access. For addresses in the low canonical half of the
 * address space, as well as most non-canonical addresses, that out-of-bounds
 * shadow memory access lands in the non-canonical part of the address space.
 * Help the user figure out what the original bogus pointer was.
 */
void kasan_non_canonical_hook(unsigned long addr)
{
	unsigned long orig_addr;
	const char *bug_type;

	if (addr < KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET)
		return;

	orig_addr = (addr - KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET) << KASAN_SHADOW_SCALE_SHIFT;
	/*
	 * For faults near the shadow address for NULL, we can be fairly certain
	 * that this is a KASAN shadow memory access.
	 * For faults that correspond to shadow for low canonical addresses, we
	 * can still be pretty sure - that shadow region is a fairly narrow
	 * chunk of the non-canonical address space.
	 * But faults that look like shadow for non-canonical addresses are a
	 * really large chunk of the address space. In that case, we still
	 * print the decoded address, but make it clear that this is not
	 * necessarily what's actually going on.
	 */
	if (orig_addr < PAGE_SIZE)
		bug_type = "null-ptr-deref";
	else if (orig_addr < TASK_SIZE)
		bug_type = "probably user-memory-access";
	else
		bug_type = "maybe wild-memory-access";
	pr_alert("KASAN: %s in range [0x%016lx-0x%016lx]\n", bug_type,
		 orig_addr, orig_addr + KASAN_GRANULE_SIZE - 1);
}
#endif